Topics
- Singular/Plural Rules
- Indefinite Pronouns
- Collective Nouns
- Special Cases
Singular/Plural Rules
Understanding when to use singular or plural verbs is fundamental to proper grammar.
Basic Rule
A singular subject takes a singular verb, while a plural subject takes a plural verb.
The cat sleeps on the sofa. (singular)
The cats sleep on the sofa. (plural)
Words Ending in -S
Subjects ending in -S are often singular (like mathematics, news), while verbs ending in -S are singular.
The news is interesting. (singular subject)
She runs every morning. (singular verb)
Prepositional Phrases
Ignore prepositional phrases when determining the subject.
The box of pencils is on the table.
The box of pencils are on the table.
Practice
Choose the correct verb:
The collection of rare coins ______ valuable.
Indefinite Pronouns
These pronouns don’t refer to specific persons or things and have specific verb agreement rules.
Always Singular
Each, either, neither, anyone, everybody, someone, nothing, etc.
Everyone is welcome to attend.
Each of the students has a textbook.
Always Plural
Both, few, many, several
Both are correct answers.
Many have tried but few have succeeded.
Context-Dependent
Some, any, none, all, most (depends on the noun they refer to)
Some of the cake is missing. (singular)
Some of the cookies are missing. (plural)
Practice
Choose the correct verb:
Each of the team members ______ responsible for their own equipment.
Collective Nouns
These nouns refer to groups but can be singular or plural depending on context.
Acting as a Unit
When the group acts together as one, use a singular verb.
The committee meets every Tuesday.
The team is winning the championship.
Acting as Individuals
When members of the group act separately, use a plural verb.
The committee are divided in their opinions.
The team are practicing their individual skills.
Practice
Choose the correct verb:
The jury ______ reached a unanimous decision.
Special Cases
These constructions have specific rules for verb agreement.
Either/Or, Neither/Nor
The verb agrees with the subject closest to it.
Neither the teacher nor the students are here.
Neither the students nor the teacher is here.
As Well As, Along With
These phrases don’t create compound subjects. The verb agrees with the first subject.
The president, as well as the staff, is attending.
The president, as well as the staff, are attending.
Here/There Sentences
The verb agrees with the subject that follows here/there.
Here are the books you requested.
There is a problem with the system.
Practice
Choose the correct verb:
Either the manager or the assistants ______ to attend the meeting.