1. Title Questions
A common question in entrance exams where you choose the most appropriate title from given options.
- You’re choosing the most appropriate title, not necessarily the perfect one
- Use the elimination technique to narrow down options
- Title should cover the core idea and express the author’s tone
- Avoid choosing based on catchiness or brevity alone
- Title should be neither too broad nor too narrow
- A title is a summary, not a conclusion
“Coffee is one of the most popular hot drinks in the world… About 7 million tons of coffee is produced every year… The United States is the biggest coffee consumer…”
Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Coffee — a popular hot drink
B. Coffee — the main consumers
C. Coffee — the main producers
D. Coffee — the amount of production
The first and last sentences both emphasize popularity, making A the most comprehensive title.
Scan the first and last sentences – the title often reflects the opening and closing themes. The title should be supported by every paragraph, not just parts of the passage.
2. Main Idea / Central Idea Questions
The central idea refers to the theme of the passage – the important points the author wishes to convey.
- Look for the recurring theme throughout the passage
- Identify what all paragraphs are trying to support
- Consider the author’s purpose and tone
- Note what is emphasized through examples and evidence
“Almost all roads present benefits, problems, and risks… Roads provide motorized access… Road systems create changes to the local landscape…”
What is the main idea in this passage?
A. Roads present several advantages and disadvantages.
B. Road systems affect forest integrity and fish populations adversely.
C. Road systems affect both land and water resources adversely.
D. Road systems usually involve important tradeoffs in the environment.
Option D captures the broader theme of tradeoffs, while A is too general and B/C are too specific.
Spend more time understanding the passage than analyzing options. The main idea is never in the details but in what those details collectively support. Ask: “What is every paragraph trying to prove or emphasize?”
3. Title vs. Main Idea: Key Differences
| Aspect | Title Questions | Main Idea Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Format | Usually short phrases (2-5 words) | Complete sentences summarizing content |
| Focus | Concise representation of entire passage | Detailed summary of author’s main points |
| Tone | Must reflect author’s tone | Must reflect author’s tone and purpose |
| Scope | Neither too broad nor too narrow | Comprehensive but not overly detailed |
| Common Mistakes | Choosing catchy or shortest option | Choosing a conclusion instead of summary |
- Too Broad: Options that are vague generalizations
- Too Narrow: Options focusing on only part of the passage
- Conclusion vs. Summary: Choosing what could be inferred rather than what is stated
- Tone Mismatch: Selecting options with wrong emotional tone
Systematically eliminate wrong options: 1) Too broad 2) Too narrow 3) Wrong tone 4) Conclusion instead of summary 5) Contains information not in passage. What remains is likely correct!
4. Practice Examples & Analysis
Passage Excerpt: “In grave problems of history… There is no need for absolute question of the truth or falsity of the legend. The object of the masonic legends is not to establish historical facts, but to convey philosophical doctrines.”
Choose an appropriate title for the paragraph.
A. Freemasonry legends – Too broad ✗
B. False legends of the Freemasons – Wrong tone ✗
C. Objective of masonic legends – Correct ✓
D. Historical facts vs legends – Too narrow ✗
Passage Excerpt: “You have made a commitment, joined a gym… Your body will thank you later by helping to prevent any possibility of an injury from occurring.”
Choose the best title for the above passage.
A. Know Your Body – Supported but incomplete ✗
B. Avoid Workout Injuries – Correct (covers all points) ✓
C. The Importance of Exercise – Not supported ✗
D. The Right Way to Exercise – Too narrow ✗
Remember the acronym T.M.I. for reading comprehension strategies: Title checks tone, Main idea checks message, Inference checks implication.