Learning Topics
Mirror Images
The image of an object, as seen in a mirror, is called its mirror reflection or mirror image. In such an image, the right side of the object appears on the left side and vice-versa (lateral inversion).
Try hovering over letters to see mirror effect: A B C D E
Mirror Images of Capital Letters:
| Letter | Mirror Image | Letter | Mirror Image | Letter | Mirror Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | A | J | J | S | S |
| B | ꓭ | K | K | T | T |
| C | Ↄ | L | ꓶ | U | U |
| D | ꓷ | M | W | V | V |
| E | Ǝ | N | N | W | M |
| F | Ⅎ | O | O | X | X |
| G | ⅁ | P | Ԁ | Y | Y |
| H | H | Q | Ό | Z | Z |
| I | I | R | ꓤ |
Mirror Images of Numbers:
| Digit | Mirror Image | Digit | Mirror Image | Digit | Mirror Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 3 | Ɛ | 6 | 9 |
| 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 7 | ꓕ |
| 2 | ᘔ | 5 | Ƨ | 8 | 8 |
| 9 | 6 |
Memory Tips:
1. Letters that appear the same in mirror: A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X, Y
2. Numbers that appear the same: 0, 1, 3, 8 (some fonts: 3)
3. For clock mirror problems: Subtract the mirrored time from 11:60 to get actual time
4. Mirror effect is horizontal flip (left becomes right, right becomes left)
Water Images
The reflection of an object, as seen in water, is called its water image. It is the inverted image obtained by turning the object upside down (vertical inversion).
Try hovering over letters to see water effect: A B C D E
Water Images of Capital Letters:
| Letter | Water Image | Letter | Water Image | Letter | Water Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | ∀ | J | ſ | S | S |
| B | 𐐒 | K | K | T | ⊥ |
| C | C | L | ⅂ | U | ∩ |
| D | D | M | W | V | Λ |
| E | E | N | N | W | M |
| F | Ⅎ | O | O | X | X |
| G | ⅁ | P | Ԁ | Y | ⅄ |
| H | H | Q | Ό | Z | Z |
| I | I | R | ꓤ |
Remark: Letters with water-images identical to themselves: C, D, E, H, I, K, O, X
Water Images of Numbers:
| Digit | Water Image | Digit | Water Image | Digit | Water Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 3 | Ɛ | 6 | 9 |
| 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 7 | ꓕ |
| 2 | ᘔ | 5 | 5 | 8 | 8 |
| 9 | 6 |
Words that remain same in water: KICK, KID, CHIDE, CODE, CHICK
Memory Tips:
1. Water image is an upside-down reflection (top becomes bottom)
2. Letters that remain same: C, D, E, H, I, K, O, X
3. Words that remain same: KICK, KID, CHIDE, CODE, CHICK
4. For water images, think of turning the page upside down and reading
5. Water effect is vertical flip, not horizontal like mirror
Clock Mirror Problems
When a clock is seen through a mirror, the positions of hands appear reversed. To find actual time from mirrored time:
Method:
1. If mirrored time is H hours M minutes
2. Actual time = (11 – H) hours (60 – M) minutes
3. If minutes calculation exceeds 60, adjust hours accordingly
Examples:
| Mirrored Time | Actual Time | Calculation |
|---|---|---|
| 9:30 | 2:30 | 11:60 – 9:30 = 2:30 |
| 8:30 | 3:30 | 11:60 – 8:30 = 3:30 |
| 2:45 (quarter to 3) | 9:15 | 11:60 – 2:45 = 9:15 |
| 3:15 (quarter past 3) | 8:45 | 11:60 – 3:15 = 8:45 |
| 6:30 | 5:30 | 11:60 – 6:30 = 5:30 |
| 10:20 | 1:40 | 11:60 – 10:20 = 1:40 |
| 12:00 | 12:00 | 11:60 – 12:00 = 12:00 |
Special Cases:
- When mirrored time is 12:00, actual time is also 12:00
- When mirrored time is 6:00, actual time is 6:00
- When mirrored time is 3:00, actual time is 9:00
- When mirrored time is 9:00, actual time is 3:00
Quick Formula:
Actual Time = 11:60 – Mirrored Time
Example: Mirrored time = 4:20
Actual time = 11:60 – 4:20 = 7:40
Tip: Remember “11:60” as the magic number for clock mirror problems
Alternative: Actual hours = 11 – mirrored hours (if minutes > 0, use 12 – mirrored hours)
Practice Quiz (50 Questions)
Question 1 of 50
Test your understanding of mirror and water images
Quiz Results
Based on your score, here’s how you performed…
Answer Key
| Q.No | Your Answer | Correct Answer | Status |
|---|
Guidelines for Students
- Understand the difference: Mirror images involve lateral inversion (left-right flip), while water images involve vertical inversion (upside-down flip).
- Practice with alphabets and numbers: Memorize which letters and numbers look the same in mirror and water reflections.
- Clock problems formula: Remember “11:60 – mirrored time = actual time” for solving clock mirror problems quickly.
- Visualize the reflection: Try to mentally visualize the reflection rather than just memorizing patterns.
- Take the quiz multiple times: Repetition helps in memorizing patterns and improving speed.
- Note exceptions: Some fonts may cause numbers like 3 to appear differently in mirror images.
- Use elimination: In multiple choice questions, eliminate obviously wrong options first.
- Time management: During exams, allocate specific time for mirror/water image questions.
- Common mistakes: Don’t confuse mirror and water images. Mirror flips horizontally, water flips vertically.
- Special characters: Learn to recognize special characters used in mirror/water images like Ↄ, Ԁ, Ǝ, etc.
Pro Tip: Create your own flashcards with letters, numbers, and words to practice identifying their mirror and water images. Use the hover effects in this guide to see the transformations.