genitourinary system nts Archives

Enhance your understanding of the genitourinary system with MCQs on anatomy, physiology, disorders, and treatments. Prepare effectively for exams with detailed explanations and targeted questions.

Which diuretic is classified as a thiazide?

A) Furosemide
B) Chlorothiazide
C) Spironolactone
D) Acetazolamide
Answer: B

What is the primary action of loop diuretics like furosemide?

A) Inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
B) Inhibiting sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the loop of Henle
C) Blocking aldosterone receptors
D) Reducing renal blood flow
Answer: B

Spironolactone is classified as a:

A) Loop diuretic
B) Thiazide diuretic
C) Potassium-sparing diuretic
D) Osmotic diuretic
Answer: C

What is a major adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?

A) Hypokalemia
B) Hyperkalemia
C) Hypertension
D) Hypoglycemia
Answer: B

Which diuretic is primarily used in the management of acute glaucoma?

A) Bumetanide
B) Mannitol
C) Chlorothiazide
D) Spironolactone
Answer: B

The primary action of acetazolamide is inhibition of:

A) Carbonic anhydrase
B) Sodium-potassium pump
C) Aldosterone
D) ADH receptors
Answer: A

Which of the following is an osmotic diuretic?

A) Furosemide
B) Spironolactone
C) Mannitol
D) Chlorothiazide
Answer: C

Ritodrine is used primarily for:

A) Inducing labor
B) Relaxing uterine muscles
C) Treating hypertension
D) Managing acute kidney injury
Answer: B

Oxytocin primarily acts on:

A) Kidneys
B) Uterine smooth muscle
C) Bladder
D) Adrenal glands
Answer: B

Ergotamine has which effect on the uterus?
- A) Relaxation
- B) Contraction
- C) Dilation
- D) No effect
- Answer: B
A major adverse effect of loop diuretics is:
- A) Hypernatremia
- B) Hypokalemia
- C) Hypercalcemia
- D) Hypermagnesemia
- Answer: B
Which diuretic is most suitable for patients with hyperaldosteronism?
- A) Mannitol
- B) Acetazolamide
- C) Spironolactone
- D) Furosemide
- Answer: C
Mannitol is contraindicated in which condition?
- A) Acute renal failure
- B) Cerebral edema
- C) Severe dehydration
- D) Acute glaucoma
- Answer: C
Which diuretic acts by inhibiting NaCl reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
- A) Acetazolamide
- B) Furosemide
- C) Chlorothiazide
- D) Mannitol
- Answer: C
Spironolactone is an antagonist of:
- A) Aldosterone
- B) Vasopressin
- C) ADH
- D) Angiotensin II
- Answer: A
The most common side effect of thiazide diuretics is:
- A) Hyperkalemia
- B) Hyponatremia
- C) Hypercalcemia
- D) Hypoglycemia
- Answer: B
Which diuretic would be most effective in treating pulmonary edema?
- A) Acetazolamide
- B) Furosemide
- C) Spironolactone
- D) Chlorothiazide
- Answer: B
Oxytocin is used to:
- A) Delay labor
- B) Induce labor
- C) Treat urinary incontinence
- D) Manage hypertension
- Answer: B
Which diuretic can lead to metabolic acidosis?
- A) Acetazolamide
- B) Spironolactone
- C) Mannitol
- D) Furosemide
- Answer: A
Which class of diuretics is primarily used in hypertension management?
- A) Loop diuretics
- B) Thiazide diuretics
- C) Potassium-sparing diuretics
- D) Osmotic diuretics
- Answer: B
What is the primary action of bumetanide?
- A) Increasing potassium reabsorption
- B) Inhibiting sodium-chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle
- C) Blocking carbonic anhydrase
- D) Reducing aldosterone secretion
- Answer: B
Ritodrine is a:
- A) Uterine relaxant
- B) Uterine stimulant
- C) Diuretic
- D) Calcium channel blocker
- Answer: A
Ergotamine is used clinically to:
- A) Relax smooth muscle
- B) Induce uterine contractions
- C) Treat urinary retention
- D) Manage chronic kidney disease
- Answer: B
What is a contraindication for spironolactone use?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Hypokalemia
- C) Hyperkalemia
- D) Heart failure
- Answer: C
Which diuretic is beneficial for preventing calcium kidney stones?
- A) Mannitol
- B) Chlorothiazide
- C) Furosemide
- D) Spironolactone
- Answer: B
Oxytocin administration requires caution in patients with:
- A) Cardiac disease
- B) Low blood pressure
- C) Dehydration
- D) Osteoporosis
- Answer: A
Which diuretic is used in mountain sickness prophylaxis?
- A) Furosemide
- B) Acetazolamide
- C) Spironolactone
- D) Mannitol
- Answer: B
Ergotamine is contraindicated in:
- A) Migraine headaches
- B) Pregnancy
- C) Hypertension
- D) Diabetes
- Answer: B
Mannitol acts by:
- A) Increasing sodium reabsorption
- B) Osmotically drawing water into the renal tubules
- C) Inhibiting aldosterone
- D) Blocking carbonic anhydrase
- Answer: B
Spironolactone can cause which hormonal side effect?
- A) Hyperprolactinemia
- B) Gynecomastia
- C) Hyperthyroidism
- D) Addison’s disease
- Answer: B
Which condition is treated with acetazolamide?
- A) Hypokalemia
- B) Glaucoma
- C) Hypercalcemia
- D) Hypertension
- Answer: B
Oxytocin is synthesized in the:
- A) Adrenal gland
- B) Hypothalamus
- C) Kidneys
- D) Liver
- Answer: B
Which diuretic may cause ototoxicity?
- A) Furosemide
- B) Chlorothiazide
- C) Spironolactone
- D) Acetazolamide
- Answer: A
Mannitol is often used in:
- A) Treating hypertension
- B) Managing cerebral edema
- C) Treating osteoporosis
- D) Managing chronic heart failure
- Answer: B
Ritodrine acts as a:
- A) Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
- B) Calcium channel blocker
- C) Alpha-1 antagonist
- D) Carbonic
anhydrase inhibitor
- Answer: A
The action of thiazides results in:
- A) Hyperkalemia
- B) Hypercalcemia
- C) Hyponatremia
- D) Hypocalcemia
- Answer: B
Ergotamine acts on which receptor to induce uterine contractions?
- A) Beta-1
- B) Alpha
- C) Dopamine
- D) Muscarinic
- Answer: B
Which diuretic would be contraindicated in a patient with hyperkalemia?
- A) Mannitol
- B) Spironolactone
- C) Acetazolamide
- D) Chlorothiazide
- Answer: B
Which diuretic is the most effective for rapid diuresis?
- A) Mannitol
- B) Acetazolamide
- C) Furosemide
- D) Spironolactone
- Answer: C
What condition is acetazolamide particularly useful in treating?
- A) Cardiac failure
- B) Epilepsy
- C) Asthma
- D) Hyperthyroidism
- Answer: B
Oxytocin primarily facilitates:
- A) Bronchodilation
- B) Blood clotting
- C) Lactation and uterine contraction
- D) Increased urine output
- Answer: C
Ritodrine is contraindicated in patients with:
- A) Hyperthyroidism
- B) Asthma
- C) Hypertension
- D) Cardiac arrhythmia
- Answer: D
Spironolactone is especially useful in:
- A) Osteoporosis
- B) Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- C) Acute renal failure
- D) Hypercalcemia
- Answer: B
Mannitol is mainly excreted by the:
- A) Lungs
- B) Liver
- C) Kidneys
- D) Skin
- Answer: C
Acetazolamide causes:
- A) Metabolic alkalosis
- B) Metabolic acidosis
- C) Hyperkalemia
- D) Hypocalcemia
- Answer: B
Ergotamine should be used cautiously in patients with:
- A) Glaucoma
- B) Hypertension
- C) Hyperthyroidism
- D) Diabetes
- Answer: B
Thiazides are less effective when the patient has:
- A) Hyperglycemia
- B) Low renal function
- C) High blood pressure
- D) Hypercholesterolemia
- Answer: B
Oxytocin is often used to prevent:
- A) Uterine atony after childbirth
- B) Asthma attacks
- C) Hyperthyroidism
- D) Hypocalcemia
- Answer: A
Furosemide works by:
- A) Blocking sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
- B) Inhibiting Na+/K+/2Cl- transport in the ascending loop of Henle
- C) Blocking aldosterone
- D) Reducing renal blood flow
- Answer: B
What effect does acetazolamide have on urinary pH?
- A) Increases it
- B) Decreases it
- C) No change
- D) Depends on dosage
- Answer: A

Genitourinary System MCQs – Prepare for pharmacy Exams

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